Search results for "Wide area"

ETP/GDOP Behavior Study for N-Sensors Arrays ina Multilateration Radar System

2009

In this paper, we evaluated the ETP (Expected Theoretical Precision) and GDOP (Geometric Dilution Of Precision) enhancement related to the number of sensors in a Multilateration radar system. An introduction about the principles of the Multilateration radar system basis operation is described, then, the formulation for evaluation the ETP/GDOP of the 3D positioning is shown. We observed that the ETP and GDOP enhance with the increase of the number of sensors. A substantial improvement was obtained until nine sensors but, for more sensors that improvement is reduced. Results for a 75km×75km area are shown, including LAM (Local Area Multilateration) and WAM (Wide Area Multilateration) settings…

Low-Power Wide-Area Networks for Sustainable IoT

2019

Low-power wide-area (LPWA) networks are attracting extensive attention because of their abilities to offer low-cost and massive connectivity to Internet of Things (IoT) devices distributed over wide geographical areas. This article provides a brief overview on the existing LPWA technologies and useful insights to aid the large-scale deployment of LPWA networks. Particularly, we first review the currently competing candidates of LPWA networks, such as narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) and long range (LoRa), in terms of technical fundamentals and large-scale deployment potential. Then we present two implementation examples on LPWA networks. By analyzing the field-test results, we identify several chall…

Drumming signals within the family Taeniopterygidae (Plecoptera)

2014

Drumming signals of the 11 species of Palaearctic Taeniopterygidae are described for the first time based on the study of populations from nine different European countries from Spain to Russia. In this way, a contribution is made to our knowledge of the constancy respectively the divergence of signals typical for the species distributed over a very wide area. Communication patterns of the family under varying temperatures were analysed. The dependence on temperature indicates that the adults of this family are cold stenothermic insects. Within the genus Brachyptera (Newport, 1851), the call signal of males is significantly different from their response signal (duration and drumming frequen…

Review of IEEE 802.22 and IEC 61850 for real-time communication in Smart Grid

2015

Real time data communication in Smart Grid is a big challenge due to its vastness and complexities. Wireless Regional Area Network (WRAN) - IEEE 802.22 permits opportunistic use of television white space (TVWS) by secondary user, if it is not being utilized by primary user. This standard has the potential to transfer big data of smart grid in real time to control center. The IEC 61850 is the standard for electrical substation automation that uses TCP/IP for data transfer among different ‘intelligent electronic devices’ (IEDs). IEC 61850 consists of different message types which belong to different performance classes that are mapped to different communication protocols. The different perfor…

AI for Resource Allocation and Resource Allocation for AI: a two-fold paradigm at the network edge

2022

5G-and-beyond and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are pushing a shift from the classic cloud-centric view of the network to a new edge-centric vision. In such a perspective, the computation, communication and storage resources are moved closer to the user, to the benefit of network responsiveness/latency, and of an improved context-awareness, that is, the ability to tailor the network services to the live user's experience. However, these improvements do not come for free: edge networks are highly constrained, and do not match the resource abundance of their cloud counterparts. In such a perspective, the proper management of the few available resources is of crucial importance to impr…

The Two-Criteria Topological Design Problem in WAN with Delay Constraint: An Algorithm and Computational Results

2003

The problem is concerned with designing of wide area networks (WAN). The problem consists in selection of flow routes, channel capacities and wide area network topology in order to minimize the total average delay per packet and the leasing cost of channels subject to delay constraint. The problem is NP complete. Then, the branch and bound method is used to construct the exact algorithm. Lower bound of the criterion function is proposed. Computational results are reported. Based on computational experiments, several properties of the considered problem are formulated.

Slavic Loanwords in the Terms for Dumplings in Latvian

2016

Slavic Loanwords in the Terms for Dumplings in Latvian Food is an essential part of the material culture of every nation. It frequently preserves national traditions and old names longer than other spheres do, additionally, it lets observe the influence of other cultures. According to dictionary data, dumplings were known in Latvia already in the 18th century. Many names for them have been attested in regional subdialects of Latvian; borrowings usually cover wide areas. In this article, basing on ethnographic and linguistic material notations of different antiquity thus tracing the use of names for dumplings almost a century long and referring to dictionary data from 18th–19th century, the …

Wide area monitoring of sustained oscillations using double-stage mode decomposition

2018

The working partner in family enterprise : European and national issues

2021

The essay focuses on the discipline of the work done by one partner in the company of the other in cross-border couples and on the problems involved in this case. More specifically the focus is on the hermeneutical problems that arise both at the level of European legislation and at the level of Italian national discipline which is applicable according to European conflict criteria, showing the ambiguities and wide areas of shadow left uncovered by the latter.

Redesign enterprise network by local Internet breakout : case study

2015

Nowadays, the popularity of cloud-based services around the web and SaaS applications are empowering customers to improve their business processes and increase user productivity while reducing the company’s IT operation costs. The local Internet breakout solution provides improved performance when accessing cloud-based applications along with a greater user experience. The reason behind this is not having data travel through the corporate WAN to access the Internet at a single point. This new network design solution not only improves user experience by lower latency when accessing the Internet, but also offloading the applications traffic from corporate WAN connections. The main theme of th…